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Measurement data for distributed frequency control in the power grid

The balance between power supply and demand in the power grid is of great importance. When the supply is lower than the demand, for example due to a power plant failure, the grid frequency drops. This balance is ensured by monitoring the frequency and keeping it close to 50 Hz (or 60 Hz) by adjusting the supply of power accordingly. If the system frequency is allowed to go outside critical limits, major power grid failures may occur.

A solution to this is FFR – Fast Frequency Reserve. This is a control system that acts fast on the measured frequency and quickly adjusts the supplied power or the connected loads. This can be done by directly controlling the power sources or by quickly disconnecting non-critical loads. Battery storage systems are deployed to act as a power source or a load depending on the detected need.

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Benefits

FFR monitoring in accordance with industrial requirements

  • Compliant to ENTSO-E monitoring requirements for Fast Frequency Reserve
  • 100-millisecond continuous frequency, ROCOF and power data
  • Concurrent power quality data streaming support

Robust communication protocol support

  • IEC 62541, OPC-UA (IEC 61850 over OPC-UA)
  • Modbus TCP
  • DDS/RTPS

Multi-channel compliant power quality measurement

  • IEC 62586 (PQI-A) and IEC 61000‑4-30 (class A) compliant
  • 4 voltage channels and 9 current channels
  • 4 general analog inputs and multi-channel digital I/O support

Technical specification

FFR Option Parameters

Parameter Resolution Required FFR accuracy Instrument accuracy Sample time
Active power << 0.01 MW 0.5 % of nominal Better than 0.2 % of nominal 100 ms
Frequency << 1 mHz 10 mHz Better than 2 mHz 100 ms

Communication

Protocol Support Notes
Modbus TCP More than 2,000 parameters
IEC 62541, OPC-UA LLN0, MHAI, MMXU IEC 61850 over OPC-UA (OPC 10040)
DDS/RTPS Custom topic, specified by customer Data-Distribution Service for Real-Time Systems Support for publish-subscribe communication https://www.omg.org/omg-dds-portal/